Still, the first villa neighbourhoods at the gates of Berlin were not build here. Instead, they were build in the Lichterfelde subdistrict, starting with Lichterfelde West in 1860. Even today, stately Gründerzeit homes dominate the picture in Lichterfelde West, with large gardens, small street promenades and cobbled streets. Lichterfelde Ost was similarly suppose to be a colony of villas. However, it was more heavily damage in the Second World War. The Dahlem subdistrict, which borders on Grunewald, is very famous for its luxurious residential buildings. Originally a royal estate, Dahlem split in 1901 in order to create a “German Oxford”. This is a villa neighbourhood with scientific and academic institutions. Today, Dahlem is home to Freie Universität Berlin as well as numerous important international scientific and research institutes.